By convention, the prime minister is appointed to this council and advises as to which parliamentarians shall become ministers and parliamentary secretaries. Section 4 of the constitution allows the Monarch to appoint an administrator to carry out the role of governor-general when there is a vacancy. Lachlan Macquarie, (born January 31, 1761, Ulva, Argyllshire, Scotlanddied July 1, 1824, London, England), early governor of New South Wales, Australia (1810-21), who expanded opportunities for Emancipists (freed convicts) and established a balance of power with the Exclusionists (large landowners and sheep farmers). [19] The constitution also provides that the governor-general is the monarch's "representative" in exercising the executive power of the Commonwealth (section 61) and as commander-in-chief of the armed forces (section 68). The coronation will take place at Westminster Abbey in London on May 6, led by the Archbishop of Canterbury and featuring "longstanding traditions and pageantry". Australia has had 26 Governors-General. "And I know that when I met with King Charles, we had a discussion about a visit, and I of course conveyed that he would always be welcomed here.". There are countless organisations and people demonstrating how rich this country is each day. [35] However, an Australian governor-general did not exercise that right until 1971, when Paul Hasluck visited New Zealand. This, among other things, led to the Statute of Westminster 1931 and to the formal separation of the Crowns of the Dominions. There have been only Australian occupants since then, although Sir Ninian Stephen (19821989) had been born in Britain. [41], The powers of command-in-chief are vested in the governor-general rather than the "Governor-General in Council", meaning there is an element of personal discretion in their exercise. At the start of Chapter 2 on executive government, the constitution says "The executive power of the Commonwealth is vested in the Queen and is exercisable by the Governor-General as the Queen's representative". Governor-General of Australia. [citation needed] Events surrounding the dismissal remain extremely controversial. The Governor-General has an important role in the governing of Australia. Menzies had sought a man of stature, one who had no involvement in Australian politics, and one who would represent the monarch effectively. The King maintained that it was now his sole prerogative to choose a governor-general, and he wanted Field-Marshal Sir William Birdwood for the Australian post. [20], Australian Solicitor-General Maurice Byers stated in 1974: "The constitutional prescription is that executive power is exercisable by the governor-general although vested in the Queen. He was appointed in July 1900, returning to Australia shortly before the inauguration of the Commonwealth of Australia on 1 January 1901. Defence Minister Malcolm Fraser, who opposed the call out, was responsible for informing Hasluck of the prime minister's lack of consultation. In Commentaries on the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Australia, Garran noted that, since the Australian executive is national in nature (being dependent on the nationally elected House of Representatives, rather than the Senate), "the Governor-General, as the official head of the Executive, does not in the smallest degree represent any federal element; if he represents anything he is the image and embodiment of national unity and the outward and visible representation of the Imperial relationship of the Commonwealth".[34]. Sir Matthew Nathan, Governor of Queensland from 1920 to 1925, was Australia's only Jewish governor until the appointment of Linda Dessau as Governor of Victoria in 2015. The provisions to select the administrator of the government . The first Governor-General was the Right Honourable John Adrian Louis Hope, 7th Earl of Hopetoun, who served from 1901 to 1903. Join in the funand the learningwith the Parliamentary Education Offices immersive learning program. A similar arrangement is used for the governors of the six states. A vacancy occurs on the resignation, death, or incapacity of the governor-general. "Whether that be to tackle climate change; respond to the conflict in Ukraine; seize trade and investment opportunities or share the best of our arts and culture. The Governor-General does not have the authority to make decisions on behalf of the government but has a role in both the government and the Parliament. Three governors-general have resigned their commission. Verified. In 1947, Labor appointed a second Australian Governor-General, William McKell, who was in office as the Labor premier of New South Wales. General David John Hurley, AC, DSC, KStJ, FTSE (born 26 August 1953) is an Australian former senior officer in the Australian Army who has served as the 27th governor-general of Australia since 1 July 2019. A number of governors-general have reserved royal assent for particular legislation for the Monarch. The monarch was consulted on the decision into the 1930s. After consulting his cabinet he chose Henry Forster, 1st Baron Forster. On Thursday 2 March 2023, His Excellency General the Honourable David Hurley AC DSC (Retd) p. resided at a meeting of the Federal Executive Council. The monarch, acting upon advice of the British Government, could also disallow any Australian legislation up to a year after the governor-general had given it the assent;[58] although this power has never been used. [59], The early governors-general frequently sought advice on the exercise of their powers from judges of the High Court of Australia, Sir Samuel Griffith and Sir Edmund Barton. 1,093 talking about this. In 1989, Bill Hayden, a republican, declined appointment to the British Privy Council and any imperial honours. According to Section 2 of the Australian Constitution, the Governor-General is appointed by the King to be His Majesty's representative in Australia. He stated that the governor-general was more than a representative of the sovereign, explaining: "under section 2 of the Constitution the Governor-General is the Queen's representative and exercises certain royal prerogative powers and functions; under section 61 of the Constitution the Governor-General is the holder of a quite separate and independent office created, not by the Crown, but by the Constitution, and empowered to exercise, in his own right as Governor-General all the powers and functions of Australia's head of state."[21]. [43] For instance, in 1970 Governor-General Paul Hasluck refused Prime Minister John Gorton's request to authorise a Pacific Islands Regiment peacekeeping mission in the Territory of Papua and New Guinea, on the grounds that cabinet had not been consulted. He spent much of his retirement in Europe but returned to Australia several times in the 1980s . I've been invited to his coronation, on the first Saturday in May, I will attend along with the Governor-General, with other guests as well who have been invited by the Palace," he said. In 1945, John Curtin nominated Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester, to the post the first and only royal officeholder. The current Governor-General is David Hurley . "It was a great honour for me to have an audience with King Charles. Some early governors-general were appointed to terms of just one year (Lord Tennyson) or two years (Lord Forster; later extended). The office of governor-general for the Commonwealth of Australia was conceived during the debates and conventions leading up to federation. Australian News Channel Pty Ltd 2017 - 2023. Through her private secretary, she wrote that she "has no part in the decisions which the Governor-General must take in accordance with the Constitution". Such assent has usually been given during a scheduled visit to Australia by Queen Elizabeth II. What is exercisable is original executive power: that is, the very thing vested in the Queen by section 61. John Robert Kerr (1914-1991), lawyer, judge, and governor-general, was born on 24 September 1914 at Balmain, Sydney, eldest of eight children of New South Wales-born parents Harry Kerr, boilermaker, and his wife Laura May, ne Cardwell. The Governor-General is appointed by the King on the advice of the Prime Minister and performs a large number of functions which are defined by the Constitution. In 1930, King George V and the Australian Prime Minister James Scullin discussed the appointment of a new Governor-General to replace Lord Stonehaven, whose term was coming to an end. The Governor-General is the Chancellor of the Order of Australia and each year approves awards to recognise the service and contribution of outstanding Australians through the Australian Honours and AwardsSystem. It established a constitutional monarchy, with the British monarch, represented locally by a governor-general, the reigning sovereign of Australia. acting as Commander-in-Chief of the Australian Defence Force. received Ms Minoli Perera, Ambassador- designate to Zimbabwe. The salary of the governor-general was initially set by the constitution, which fixed an annual amount of A10,000 until the parliament decided otherwise. On 6 May 2021, when Morrison took the treasury and home affairs ministries with Hurley's approval, the governor general says in his program that he attended two ceremonies where Order of . Significant post-retirement activities of earlier Governors-General have included: Lord Tennyson was appointed Deputy Governor of the Isle of Wight; Sir Ronald Munro Ferguson (by now Lord Novar) became Secretary of State for Scotland; and Lord Gowrie became Chairman of the Marylebone Cricket Club (Lord Forster had also held this post, before his appointment as governor-general). The Governor-General's official title is Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia. Congratulations to the outstanding Australians recognised in todays Honours List. The governor-general has a ceremonial role in swearing in and accepting the resignations of members of Parliament. [66], In 1965 the Menzies conservative government appointed an Australian, Lord Casey, and thereafter only Australians have held the position. However, Scullin stood firm, saying he would be prepared to fight a general election on the issue of whether an Australian should be prevented from becoming governor-general because he was Australian. They include appointing the chief of the Defence Force and authorising the deployment of troops. The governor-general is generally invited to become patron of various charitable and service organisations. Sections 58 to 60 allow the governor-general to withhold assent, suggest changes, refer to the Monarch or proclaim that the Monarch has annulled the legislation. Governor-General of Australia 826 posts. [35] All subsequent governors-general have travelled widely while in office and made multiple state visits. [33] The Biosecurity (Human Biosecurity Emergency) (Human Coronavirus with Pandemic Potential) Declaration 2020 was declared by Governor-General David Hurley under Section 475 of the Act. Scullin cited the precedents of the prime minister of South Africa, J. These means the Governor-General is a part of both the Parliament and the executive government, and carries out tasks on behalf of the King. The Governor-General encourages, articulates and represents the things that unite Australia as a nation. A governor-general is not appointed for a specific term, but is generally expected to serve for five years subject to a possible short extension. Later, the Governor-General and Mrs Hurley received Mr Gary Meyers, Ambassador, St Vincent's Hospital, on the completion of Mr Meyer's walk from Sydney to Canberra. 26. Each year the Governor-General hosts or attends hundreds ofevents around the country and meet tens of thousands of Australians. There are no No. [32], In addition to the formal constitutional role, the governor-general has a representative and ceremonial role, though the extent and nature of that role has depended on the expectations of the time, the individual in office at the time, the wishes of the incumbent government, and the individual's reputation in the wider community. On 29 November, the King agreed to Isaacs's appointment, but made it clear that he did so only because he felt he had no option. 25. Commonwealth of Australia | Page last reviewed 15 Sept 2022, Welcome to the Parliamentary Education Office. To contact Government House fill in the form located at http://www.gg.gov.au/contact.php or phone: 02 6283 3533. All states except South Australia and Tasmania have provided at least one appointee. Occasionally governors-general have made extended tours visiting multiple countries, notably in 2009 when Quentin Bryce visited nine African countries in 19 days. General David Hurley was a retired Chief of Defence Force and former Governor of New South Wales. However, it remained unclear just whose prerogative it now became to decide who new governors-general would be. Should you wish to extend an invitation to the Governor-General and Mrs Hurley, please use ouremail formand selectInvitations. A list of all former Governors-General. [6] Since 1 July 2019, the governor-general has been General David Hurley.[8][9]. And the first female governor-general was Quentin Bryce, who took up the position in 2008. B. M. Hertzog, who had recently insisted on his choice of the Earl of Clarendon as governor-general of that country, and the selection of an Irishman as governor-general of the Irish Free State. Sir John Kerr resigned in 1977, with his official reason being his decision to accept the position of Australian Ambassador to UNESCO in Paris, a post which ultimately he did not take up, but the resignation also being motivated by the 1975 constitutional controversy. The Governor-General is also the Commander-in-Chief of the Australian Defence Force. Dunrossil died in office on 3 February 1961. The constitution describes the parliament of the commonwealth as consisting of the Monarch, the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia, The Office of the Official Secretary to the Governor-General, Her Excellency Mrs Linda Hurley's biography, Receiving a congratulatory message from the Governor-General, The Governor-General's Official residences, Presiding over the Federal Executive Council, Facilitating the work of the Commonwealth Parliament and Government, Dissolving Parliament and issuing writs for a Federal election, Commissioning the Prime Minister; appointing Ministers and Assistant Ministers; and swearing-in other statutory positions. Only one governor-general, Dame Quentin Bryce (20082014), has been a woman. Scullin's proposed appointment of Sir Isaac Isaacs was fiercely opposed by the British government. Both the prime minister, John Howard, and Clarence House repudiated the suggestion.[67][68]. Hopetoun left for England on 17 July 1902. Sir Isaac Isaacs and Sir Zelman Cowen were Jewish; Bill Hayden was an avowed atheist[69] during his term and he made an affirmation rather than swear an oath at the beginning of his commission; the remaining Governors-General have been at least nominally Christian. The Governor-General's ceremonial duties include: The Governor-General is in constant contact with the Australian people. Leading Australias response, celebration and acknowledgement at commemorative events. The usual wording of official announcements of this nature read "The King has been pleased to appoint ", but on this occasion the announcement said merely "The King has appointed ", and his private secretary (Lord Stamfordham) asked the Australian solicitor-general, Sir Robert Garran, to make sure that Scullin was aware of the exact wording. Then, the Governor-General, as Chancellor of the Order of Australia and Her Excellency Mrs Linda Hurley, invested Air Marshal Kevin Short AO, Chief of the New Zealand Defence Force. The Prime Minister tabled a copy of the amended letters patent relating to the office of Governor-General, together with the text of a statement relating to the document, but for some unknown reason he did not read the statement to the House, nor did he seek leave to have it incorporated in Hansard.
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